Graphene quantum Hall resistance standard for realizing the unit of electrical resistance under relaxed experimental conditions

Yin, Yefei; Kruskopf, Mattias; Gournay, Pierre; Rolland, Benjamin; Götz, Martin; Pesel, Eckart; Tschirner, Teresa; Momeni, Davood; Chatterjee, Atasi; Hohls, Frank; Pierz, Klaus; Scherer, Hansjörg; Haug, Rolf J.; Schumacher, Hans Werner

doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.014025

Zugriffsnummer	55477
Dokumenttyp	Zeitschriftenartikel
Peer Review	mit Peer Review
Sprache	Englisch
Titel	Graphene quantum Hall resistance standard for realizing the unit of electrical resistance under relaxed experimental conditions
Autor(in); Institution	Yin, Yefei; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Kruskopf, Mattias; 2.6, Elektrische Quantenmetrologie, PTB-Braunschweig Gournay, Pierre; Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Sèvres, FRANCE Rolland, Benjamin; Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Sèvres, FRANCE Götz, Martin; 2.1, Gleichstrom und Niederfrequenz, PTB-Braunschweig Pesel, Eckart; 2.6, Elektrische Quantenmetrologie, PTB-Braunschweig Tschirner, Teresa; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Momeni, Davood; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Chatterjee, Atasi; QUEST, FG 2, Quantenuhren und komplexe Systeme, PTB-Braunschweig Hohls, Frank; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Pierz, Klaus; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Scherer, Hansjörg; 2.6, Elektrische Quantenmetrologie, PTB-Braunschweig Haug, Rolf J.; Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hannover, GERMANY Schumacher, Hans Werner; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig
Quelle/Jahr	Physical Review Applied: 23 (2025), 014025-1 - 014025-12
Artikelnummer	014025
ISSN	2331-7019
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.014025
Verlag	College Park, Md.: APS
Zusammenfassung	Quantum Hall resistance (QHR) standards play an essential role in the traceability route for the units ohm, farad, ampere, and kilogram in the revised International System of Units (SI). While the primary realization of the unit ohm is still mainly based on Ga⁢As QHR standards in extreme conditions, epitaxial graphene on Si⁢C is a promising alternative to develop QHR standards operating under relaxed conditions due to its wide Landau level splitting and strong Fermi level pinning. Here, we show that epitaxial graphene QHR standards can be operated to reach a high accuracy of less than 2 nΩ/Ω (two parts per billion) at a moderate magnetic flux density of B = 4.5 T, high current of I = 232.5 µA, and easier to access temperature of T = 4.2 K, simultaneously. Repeated measurements in these relaxed conditions over 2.5 years demonstrate the temporal stability and robustness of the QHR standard with an accuracy of 2 nΩ/Ω. Furthermore, the accuracy of the graphene QHR standards has been maintained without any indications of degradation, even after experiencing long-distance transport of more than 800 km between two metrology institutes. When implemented, graphene QHR standards may lead to broader dissemination of primary resistance standards beyond national metrology institutes, extending to calibration laboratories and industry on-site.

Themenbereich der Metrologie	Elektrizität und Magnetismus
Forschungsprojekt	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) project Pi385/3-1 within the the FOR5242 research unit ; DFG Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC-2123-EXC2123 Quantum Frontiers - 390837967
Förderinformationen (1)	Förderername: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 2096 9829 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI Förderprogramm: FOR 5242 Titel der Förderung: Proximity-induced correlation effects in low dimensional systems Förderungsnummer: Pi385/3-1
Förderinformationen (2)	Förderername: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 2096 9829 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI Förderprogramm: Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC-2123 Titel der Förderung: QuantumFrontiers Förderungsnummer: 390837967

Zitierung

Yin, Y., Kruskopf, M., Gournay, P., Rolland, B., Götz, M., Pesel, E., Tschirner, T., Momeni, D., Chatterjee, A., Hohls, F., Pierz, K., Scherer, H., Haug, R. J., & Schumacher, H. W. (2025). Graphene quantum Hall resistance standard for realizing the unit of electrical resistance under relaxed experimental conditions. Physical Review Applied, 23, 014025-1–014025-12. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.014025

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