Plug-and-play solution for characterizing two-way optical frequency transfer over free-space

Ji, Jingxian; Mukherjee, Shambo; Kuhl, Alexander; Koke, Sebastian; Leipe, Markus; Rothe, Markus; Steinlechner, Fabian; Kronjäger, Jochen

doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.557708

Zugriffsnummer	55100
Dokumenttyp	Zeitschriftenartikel
Peer Review	mit Peer Review
Sprache	Englisch
Titel	Plug-and-play solution for characterizing two-way optical frequency transfer over free-space
Autor(in); Institution	Ji, Jingxian; 4.3, Quantenoptik und Längeneinheit, PTB-Braunschweig; DLR-Institute for SatelliteGeodesy andInertial Sensing,Hannover, GERMANY Mukherjee, Shambo; 4.3, Quantenoptik und Längeneinheit, PTB-Braunschweig Kuhl, Alexander; 4.3, Quantenoptik und Längeneinheit, PTB-Braunschweig Koke, Sebastian; QTZ, Quantentechnologie - Kompetenzzentrum, PTB-Braunschweig Leipe, Markus; Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), Jena, GERMANY; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Centerof Photonics, Jena, GERMANY Rothe, Markus; Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), Jena, GERMANY Steinlechner, Fabian; Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), Jena, GERMANY; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Centerof Photonics, Jena, GERMANY Kronjäger, Jochen; 4.3, Quantenoptik und Längeneinheit, PTB-Braunschweig
Quelle/Jahr	Optics Express: 33 (2025), 19, 39269 - 39282
Availability	[online only]
ISSN	1094-4087 (online)
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.557708
URL	https://opg.optica.org/viewmedia.cfm?URI=oe-33-19-39269&seq=0
Verlag	Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group
Zusammenfassung	Optical clock networks connected by phase-coherent links offer significant potential for advancing fundamental research and diverse scientific applications. Free-space optical frequency transfer extends fiber-based connectivity to remote areas and holds the potential for global coverage via satellite links. Here we present a compact and robust portable, rack-integrated two-way free-space link characterization system. Equipped with plug-and-play capabilities, the system enables straightforward interfacing with various optical systems and facilitates quick deployment for field experiments. In this work, we achieve a fractional frequency instability of 2.0 × 10⁻¹⁹ for an averaging time of 10 s over a 3.4 km horizontal fully folded intra-city free-space link. Moreover, the system maintains an uptime of 94 over 15 hours, illustrating its reliability and effectiveness for high-precision optical frequency comparisons over free-space.

Kostenfreier Zugang	Open Access Gold
Rechteinformation	CC BY 4.0 ; Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

Förderinformationen (1)	Förderername: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 2096 9829 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI Förderprogramm: Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC-2123 QuantumFrontier Förderungsnummer: 390837967
Förderinformationen (2)	Förderername: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 2342 0436 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI
Förderinformationen (3)	Förderername: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 0790 5724 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI

Zitierung

Ji, J., Mukherjee, S., Kuhl, A., Koke, S., Leipe, M., Rothe, M., Steinlechner, F., & Kronjäger, J. (2025). Plug-and-play solution for characterizing two-way optical frequency transfer over free-space. Optics Express, 33(19), 39269–39282. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.557708

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