Liquid metal intercalation of epitaxial graphene: large-area gallenene layer fabrication through gallium self-propagation at ambient conditions.

Wundrack, Stefan; Momeni Pakdehi, Davood; Dempwolf, W.; Schmidt, N.; Pierz, Klaus; Michaliszyn, Lena; Spende, H.; Schmidt, A.; Schumacher, Hans Werner; Stosch, Rainer; Bakin, A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.5.024006

Zugriffsnummer	45322
Dokumenttyp	Zeitschriftenartikel
Peer Review	mit Peer Review
Sprache	Englisch
Titel	Liquid metal intercalation of epitaxial graphene: large-area gallenene layer fabrication through gallium self-propagation at ambient conditions.
Autor(in); Institution	Wundrack, Stefan; 3.1, Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, PTB-Braunschweig Momeni Pakdehi, Davood; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Dempwolf, W.; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Laboratory of Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Braunschweig, GERMANY; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Technische Chemie, Braunschweig, GERMANY Schmidt, N.; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Halbleitertechnik, Braunschweig, GERMANY; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Laboratory of Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Braunschweig, GERMANY Pierz, Klaus; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Michaliszyn, Lena; 3.1, Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, PTB-Braunschweig Spende, H.; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Halbleitertechnik, Braunschweig, GERMANY; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Laboratory of Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Braunschweig, GERMANY Schmidt, A.; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Laboratory of Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Braunschweig, GERMANY Schumacher, Hans Werner; 2.5, Halbleiterphysik und Magnetismus, PTB-Braunschweig Stosch, Rainer; 3.1, Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie, PTB-Braunschweig Bakin, A.; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Halbleitertechnik, Braunschweig, GERMANY; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Laboratory of Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Braunschweig, GERMANY
Quelle/Jahr	Physical Review Materials: 5 (2021), 024006, 024006-1 - 024006-13
Availability	[online only]
ISSN	2475-9953
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.5.024006
URL	https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.12438 https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.12438v2
Verlag	College Park, Md.: American Physical Society (APS)
Freie Schlagworte	Gallenene ; Intercalation ; Epitaxial graphene ; Liquid metal ; Gallium ; Solid-melt exfoliation ; Quasi-freestanding bilayer graphene ; Confinement heteroepitaxy
Zusammenfassung	We demonstrate the fabrication of an ultrathin gallium film, also known as gallenene, beneath epitaxial graphene on 6H-SiC under ambient conditions triggered by liquid gallium intercalation. Gallenene has been fabricated using the liquid metal intercalation, achieving lateral intercalation and diffusion of Ga atoms at room temperature on square centimeter areas limited only by the graphene samples’ size. The stepwise self-propagation of the gallenene film below the epitaxial graphene surface on the macroscopic scale was observed by optical microscopy shortly after the initial processing without further physical or chemical treatment. Directional Ga diffusion of gallenene occurs on SiC terraces since the terrace steps form an energetic barrier (Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier), retarding the gallenene propagation. The subsequent conversion of the epitaxial graphene into quasi freestanding bilayer graphene (QFBLG) and the graphene-gallenene heterostack interactions have been analyzed by XPS and Raman measurements. The results reveal a novel approach for the controlled fabrication of wafer-scale gallenene as well as for two-dimensional heterostructures and stacks based on the interaction between liquid metal and epitaxial graphene.

Themenbereich der Metrologie	Metrologie in der Chemie und Stoffeigenschaften
Forschungsprojekt	DFG - Excellence Strategy - EXC2123 Quantum Frontiers, Projekt-Nr.: 390837967
Förderinformationen (1)	Förderername: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Förderer ID: 0000 0001 2096 9829 Förderer ID Typ: ISNI Titel der Förderung: Excellence Strategy - EXC2123 Quantum Frontiers Förderungsnummer: 390837967

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Wundrack, S., Momeni Pakdehi, D., Dempwolf, W., Schmidt, N., Pierz, K., Michaliszyn, L., Spende, H., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, H. W., Stosch, R., & Bakin, A. (2021). Liquid metal intercalation of epitaxial graphene: large-area gallenene layer fabrication through gallium self-propagation at ambient conditions. Physical Review Materials, 5(024006), 024006-1–024006-13. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.5.024006

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